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| What is Sentence and its types? |
Definition: When we speak, we make use of a group of words. Such a group of words that conveys a complete sense is called a Sentence.
Example:
A the
cat under table is.
Man rest taking tree under a
is.
The beggar
to money give some.
Under construction is the
house.
The group of words given above is not
a Sentences because they are not arranged in a definite order
and do not make any sense. When we will arrange these words in an order it
will give complete sense: as,
A cat is under the
table.
A man is taking rest under the
tree.
Give some money to the
beggar.
The house is under construction.
Now the groups of words given above are called sentences because the words are arranged in a definite order and they are giving a complete sense.
Parts of Sentence:
A sentence is made up of two parts: Subject and Predicate.
SUBJECT: The
part which names the person or thing we are speaking about is called the Subject of the
sentence. The subject part of the sentence consists of Nouns, Pronouns or
Adjectives
PREDICATE: The
part which tells something about the subject is called the Predicate of
the sentence. The predicate gives us information about the subject. The predicate
part of the sentence consists of Finite Verb, Objects / Complements, Adverbials
and Modifiers.
Example:
|
SUBJECT |
PREDICATE |
|
He |
is Russian. |
|
The bells |
are ringing |
|
My family |
is going to Delhi. |
|
Sonu |
is going to the market |
|
My son |
got the prize for standing first in
class. |
|
All the players |
contributed to the victory of the
team. |
|
Pond water |
is not fit to drink. |
|
The sun |
rises in the east. |
|
The way |
was long. |
|
Baby |
is eating mango. |
|
Saima |
went to corner of the room. |
|
Ravana |
appeared in the scene. |
|
Jawahar Lal Nehru |
was the first Prime Minister
of India. |
1. Sometimes the Predicate is
placed before the Subject to make
the sense more emphatic.
Example:
|
PREDICATE |
SUBJECT |
|
A beautiful bird on the wall |
I saw |
|
Give the poor |
|
|
In the heart of the village lived |
a poor. |
|
In a corner of the house stood |
a mango tree. |
|
Sweets are |
the uses of adversity |
|
Bare footed came the |
saint. |
|
Noble, peace loving and true
people |
they |
2.Sometimes subject can
also be put in the middle (interior).
Example:
After a
long wait, he at last vacated our house.
Did he eat
dinner?
3. In an imperative sentence, the subject is
always 'you', but it is not stated, it is implied.
"Get up" means you
should get up, but you is not stated, it is implied.
brush your shoes means you
should brush your shoes, but you is not stated,
it is implied.
EXAMPLE:
Write a letter
to the manager for leave.
Take medicine
timely.
Give me a
cup of tea.
Sit
silently otherwise go outside of the room.
Read your
lesson properly.
Do your
home work and submit your copy till Monday.
Don't sit
there.
4. In an interrogative sentence the subject and
the verb are inverted i.e. reversed.
Example:
Why is that
girl standing on the road?
When is the
school function this year?
Some more example of subject and predicate:
Trees shade
their leaves in winter.
My house was built in 1970.
Children's day
falls on 14th November.
A big mango tree is
stood behind my house.
The kittens in the room are
mewing loudly.
The eagle sat on
the top of the building.
My son ran
down the stairs to open the door.
All the students of class 9 are going for
school trip to Manali.
All students gathered in the
hall to listen principal.
My daughter washed the dishes.
Baby is playing with his toy.
Riya and Seema are going to the park in the evening.
There are five types of Sentences:👇
- ASSERTIVE
SENTENCE
- IMPERATIVE
SENTENCE
- INTERROGATIVE
SENTENCE
- OPTATIVE
SENTENCE
- EXCLAMATORY
SENTENCE
1. ASSERTIVE SENTENCE: Those sentences which we
simply says or makes a simple statement are called Assertive
sentences. It is also known as Declarative Sentence. It
may be positive or negative.
Example of an Assertive
sentences:
I want
to be a doctor.
Rahul
is a math teacher.
There
are hills on either side of the road.
She
does not write her homework neatly.
Irfan
sir will take biology test on Monday.
Students of
class 10 play cricket at school playground.
All the
teachers were present at the meeting hall.
2. IMPERATIVE
SENTENCES: Those sentences which express order, request, advice, or an
instruction are called an Imperative Sentences. In
Imperative Sentences verb comes first and remaining part is same as assertive
sentences.
Example of an Imperative Sentences:
Please don’t disturb me.
Give me some food to eat.
Take medicines timely.
Make some sweets today.
Wipe the floor neatly.
Never dupe others.
Put your mobile and listen to me.
Sit
down please and do your wok silently.
Please shut
the window to keep out the mosquito.
3. INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE: Those
sentences which ask questions are called an Interrogative Sentence. An
interrogative sentence ends with a mark of interrogation ‘?’.
Example of an Interrogative Sentence:
Why are you late today?
Who is the principal of your school?
Do you like fairy tales?
Rules of forming Interrogative Sentences :
The helping verb and
wh-words are placed before the subject in
an Interrogative Sentence. Structure
of an Interrogative Sentence is:
Helping
verb/Wh-word/question word+ Subject+ finite verb+ object
Example of an Interrogative Sentence:
Is Arshi your sister?
Has he got a good neighbours?
Will the doctor pull out the bad tooth?
Is the class teacher sitting in the staffroom?
The verb do,
does or did is placed before the subject
Do you play football every day?
Do you like travelling by train?
Does Mala do her home task every day?
Did you write a letter to your father?
Did you eat mango?
Do I
say something?
Wh-word
or question word comes before verb:
Who is she to ask any question?
What are you doing in the ground?
When do you eat your chocolate?
Where does he going with his wife?
Why do you come here with your freind?
Whose money is under the pillow?
Whom do you want to meet?
Which is your practical copy?
How does she smile ?
How many sisters have you?
How much
milk do you want?
4. OPTATIVE SENTENCES: An Optative
sentence used to denotes desire, wish, curses
or prayer. Optative Sentence ends with an exclamation marks ‘!’.
Example of an Optative Sentence:
Best
of luck!
Happy
birthday ,mummy!(wish)
Wish
you a happy journey!
Long live
the Prime Minister!
May you live long!
(Blessing)
May you a
very successful married life!
May you get good marks
in your board exam! (Blessing)
May the sky break down
upon you! (Cursing)
Sometimes ‘May’ is omitted:
Long live the
king/ May the king live long.
5. EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES: Those sentence which express some strong or feelings are
called Exclamatory Sentences. It is used to express sudden emotion of sorrow,
joy, wonder, surprise etc. Exclamation marks ‘!’ is used at the end
of sentence.
Example of an Exclamatory Sentence:
Thank you, dear!
Eugh, that man is so bad!
Exclamatory Sentences
are formed in two ways:
(i) By using Alas!,
Hurrah!, Ah!, oh!, ouch!, etc.
Example:
Alas! The
man is no more.
Hurrah! We
have won the final match.
Hush! The
principal is not on his chamber.
Alas! He
failed in Board Exam.
Hello ! You
are Meena, I see!
Wow, I love
this!
Wow, I
really like this!
If only! He must have passed the board exam.
(ii) And by using ‘What’, ‘How’, etc.
Example:
What a nice dress it is!
What a beautiful bird it is!
What a happy ending!
How happy she is!
How beautiful the flower is!
How fast she works!
The verb is placed before
the subject in Interrogative Sentences with ‘What’
or ‘How’. But the verb is placed after the subject in
exclamatory sentence with ‘What’ or ‘How’
................................................................................................
I hope you have understood "sentence and Types of
sentences" with example well. Now study the next topic. Wish you all the
best!